In addition to problems with glare and halos, many LASIK patients will notice acute sensitivity to light during the day, causing them discomfort when outdoors. With nearsightedness, farsightedness or astigmatism, they end up being focused either in front of or behind the retina, resulting in blurred vision. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Theoretical Analysis of the Effect of Pupil Size, Initial Myopic Level, and Optical Zone on Quality of Vision After Corneal Refractive Surgery. 2017 Jun 25;9(6):e1391. But it's not right for everybody. While a halo is a bright circle of light that seems to surround a lighting source, glare is a form of illumination that interferes with your eyesight. permanent vision loss; . OKeefe M, Nolan L. LASIK surgery in children. 15. Its primarily because the liquid in your cornea accumulates, which results in swelling. Using LASIK, you can minimize your chances in the future of experiencing halos. Your eye doctor's clinic will give you eye drops to help with that. In cases when your eyes cannot focus light- you get halos and glare such as in refractive surgery like LASIK. 5. Starbursts, I didn't have any of that whatsoever. Halos right after, for sure. Glares and halos result from your eyes trying to adjust to newly shaped corneas. LASIK surgeons usually recommend going right home and taking a nap following surgery. The cause of kerataconus isnt known. 2019 Fall;8(3):163-176. One common question that we usually get from patients before they get LASIK surgery is if they will start seeing halos around lights and experience glare in vision after the surgery. a Better Tomorrow. Glares appear as rings around bright light and occur when bright light enters your eyes. Accessed May 4, 2021. Certain routine habits help reduce eye infections. Failure to administer them as indicated may result in significant harm or a prolonged recovery time. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with This is only needed when the desired level of vision correction is not achieved in the initial surgery. They are permanent for some people. McDonald MB, Kaufman HE, Frantz JM, Shofner S, Salmeron B, Klyce SD. If you dont see any change in the glare or halos following your LASIK surgery, talk to your eye doctor. The eye doctor creates an open flap around your corneas during LASIK surgery. Yes, glares and halos are common side effects after undergoing LASIK surgery. He's an associate professor of ophthalmology at Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital in New York City. Many patients achieve a high level of visual acuity once their vision has fully stabilized after their procedure, allowing them to perform activities such as driving or reading without further corrective measures. This temporary effect is completely normal and will most likely improve over time. Many articles, including this one, will use the term "LASIK" to refer to all types of laser eye surgery. It is the part of the eye that transmits and focuses light into the eye. Bloodshot or red eye after cataract surgery. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. When you wake up, the worst of the discomfort will be over. No, eye glare and seeing halos around lights are not the only side effects you will experience after LASIK surgery. But these usually clear up after a few weeks or months, and very few people consider them to be a long-term problem. But these are not a routine option for most people. (November 2006). All LASIK savings offers are valid only on bladeless custom LASIK based off the LASIK procedure book price. Comparison and analysis of FDA reported visual outcomes of the three latest platforms for LASIK: wavefront guided Visx iDesign, topography guided WaveLight Allegro Contoura, and topography guided Nidek EC-5000 CATz. What should I expect before, during, and after surgery? Car visors. information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of Inflammation (such as keratitis or uveitis) and infections (such as herpes simplex) affecting the eye. SOURCES: Christopher Starr, M.D., associate professor, ophthalmology, Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York City; Malvina Eydelman, M.D., division director, division of ophthalmic and ear, nose and throat devices and Office of Device Evaluation, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Nov. 23, 2016, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Bird Flu Deaths Prompt U.S. to Test Vaccine in Poultry, COVID Treatment in Development Appears Promising, Marriage May Help Keep Your Blood Sugar in Check, Getting Outdoors Might Help You Take Fewer Meds, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox, The Eyes (Human Anatomy): Diagram, Function, Definition, and Eye Problems. Most commonly, the surgeon creates a flap in the cornea and then raises it up before reshaping the cornea. However, "Lasik isn't for everyone," Starr said. There are many places to buy glasses online. Elsevier; 2022. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Both are fairly common following LASIK, particularly in the early healing stages. When you have a shorter than average eyeball or a cornea that is too flat, light focuses behind the retina instead of on it. Although cataract surgery is not a quick procedure, it will help to reduce eye damage. (August 2021). He or she can help you understand the benefits and limitations of surgery. Mathematics of laser in situ keratomileusis for high myopia. Which section of this article helped you learn the most? Your vision in dim light (such as at dusk or in fog) may not be as good as published reports suggest it will be. This is often due to outdated technology and surgical methods. Ask a professional eye surgeon about particular types of eye surgery that help reduce light pollution in the eye area. No commitment required. Sudden blurry vision may be a simple inconvenience or a medical emergency. After the cornea is reshaped, the surgeon places the flap back down. When your eyeball is slightly longer than normal or when the cornea curves too sharply, light rays focus in front of the retina and blur distant vision. The halos usually only last for a few weeks after the surgery. Permanent dry eye; Halos, glare, or double vision, making it hard to drive at night; Certain conditions and medications pregnancy, breastfeeding, steroid drugs may cause temporary fluctuations in your vision. You must use these medications as prescribed. You actively participate in contact sports. Medically Reviewed by Dr. Melody Huang, O.D. Most experts recommend waiting at least a month after surgery before starting these activities again, and you should make sure to get permission from your doctor before doing so. "This is consistent with previous studies," she said. With all the advancements over the last 20 years or so, the risk of patients having to deal with halos and glare for a long time after the surgery is now quite low. The information provided on this page should not be used in place of information provided by a doctor or specialist. Advanced technology reduces the likelihood of experiencing halos, glare, and other side effects after LASIK. 2012 Jul;95(4):386-98. Even if you can see clearly, don't strain your eyes until your flap fully recovers. (December 2022). One type of glaucoma known as acute-angle closure glaucoma is considered a medical emergency. Halos are one of the most common side effects of recovering from Lasik surgery. No, eye glare and seeing halos around lights are not the only side effects you will experience after LASIK surgery. Glare is also called light sensitivity a typical dry eye symptom. Halos and glares can cause eye pain but rarely vision loss. LASIK uses an excimer laser (an ultraviolet laser) to remove a thin layer of corneal tissue. The possible benefits of. 2019 Sep-Oct;8(5):377-384. After LASIK surgery, glares and halos may persist for several weeks to a month or more, depending on the person. In fact, there was a study done that concluded that long-term dry eye was not an issue following . This procedure is quicker than the initial LASIK. Thinking about LASIK? Your doctor will advise you on the proper follow-up schedule after surgery. Eye disorders, such as cataracts, cant always be prevented, but you can take steps to delay their progression. You shouldn't be worried about glares and halos after LASIK, though. If a persons vision changes due to other conditions, they can still see a loss in their visual acuity after LASIK. LASIK eye surgery may mean no more corrective lenses. (December 2012). Half were young adults. Astigmatism can lead to blurry vision and halos. These spherical aberrations usually fade after several weeks. While there is the potential for long-term negative effects, such as dry eye or halos around lights, these side effects most often resolve within three to six months. However, if the halos appear suddenly, are very bothersome, or theyre accompanied by pain, blurred vision, or other symptoms, they could be a sign of a serious eye disorder. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. online, keep reading to find out more about the aftereffects of LASIK surgery. Talk to an eye surgeon in whom you feel confident and get your questions answered. Dry eye can happen after LASIK, but it is usually temporary and goes away after a few weeks. Before a LASIK procedure, your eye surgeon will assess detailed measurements of your eye and assess the overall health of the eye. Learn More. For example, you might see halos when you view oncoming headlights, while glare can happen from an event like a camera flash. It's best to do a trial with contact lenses before having a permanent surgical procedure. Treatment of halos around light must address existing eye disease. Incidence of Glare, Halos, and Difficulty With Night Vision in Patients Undergoing Laser in Situ Keratomileusis, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, [Aspheric Ablation for the Correction of Myopia: Clinical Results After LASIK With a Bausch & Lomb 217 Z 100 Excimer Laser]. If youre researching LASIK eye surgery near me online, keep reading to find out more about the aftereffects of LASIK surgery. This can dislodge the healing corneal flap or introduce harmful bacteria.6. Your eyes may feel gritty or itchy after LASIK surgery. While complications that result in a loss of vision are rare, certain side effects, particularly dry eyes and temporary visual disturbances, are fairly common. Your first follow-up visit should happen within 24 to 48 hours after the surgery.5. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); 2021 TheraLife, Inc. | Sitemap | Privacy Policy. However, all eye surgery has risks. However, more than 90 percent of patients reported satisfaction. include protected health information. Other signs and symptoms of keratoconus include: Its possible for your eyes to become sunburned if theyre exposed to too much of the suns ultraviolet (UV) light. Learn about how LASIK works, similar surgeries, their success rates, and possible side effects. Any disease or condition that affects your immune system and impairs your ability to heal or makes you more prone to infections, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, HIV and other autoimmune disorders. Many people experience temporary night vision problems after Lasik that can last for days, weeks, or even months. 2018. In general, most people who have laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) eye surgery achieve 20/20 vision or better, which works well for most activities. Once we have finished altering the shape of your cornea, well put the epithelial flap back down. LASIK technique. Contact lenses distort the natural shape of your cornea, which can lead to inaccurate measurements and a less than optimal surgical outcome. Symptoms typically last a few weeks, could be longer. People with mild nearsightedness tend to have the most success with refractive surgery. Risk profiles of ectasia after keratorefractive surgery. The possibility for this greater risk is one factor that makes your pre-surgery assessment so critical. 2019; doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)33209-4. This can happen when you gaze at those objects straight-on. All rights reserved. This content does not have an Arabic version. Keep the sunlight away from your eye. This occurs when epithelial cells migrate between the flap and the stromal bed, usually in the first 3 months after surgery. Glare is light that enters your eye and interferes with your vision. Getting the halos treated quickly will be helpful if you have health concerns. Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit organization and proceeds from Web advertising help support our mission. Nanda GG, Alone DP. Some people have visual disturbances like glare, halos and starbursts after LASIK. Its important that you do not rub them. Taking an immunosuppressive medication for any reason. Seeing halos around lights could mean that youre developing a serious eye disorder such as cataracts or glaucoma. More modern types of LASIK are less likely to cause this side effect. Most insurance plans consider laser eye surgery to be an elective procedure and don't cover the cost. , US Food & Drug Administration, 11 Jul. 3.Moshirfar M, Shah TJ, Skanchy DF, Linn SH, Kang P, Durrie DS. If there has suddenly started and noticeable change in glare or halos after LASIK, consult a doctor about it. 2016 Apr;164:14-21. A few ways to keep your eyes healthy and prevent eye disorders that could make you see halos around lights include the following tips: To prevent several of the eye disorders associated with seeing halos around lights, its important to have regular eye examinations, especially after you turn 40. Halos are commonly symptomatic. When the eyes surface is too dry, it can become irregular, and light entering the eye can scatter. 2.Shah R. History and Results; Indications and Contraindications of SMILE Compared With LASIK. But long-term results often aren't available or haven't been well studied. The results of LASIK are permanent as part of the cornea is cut away. The halos usually only last for a few weeks. It will take 10 to 15 minutes to perform for each eye. If you should notice varying degrees of glare and hols after LASIK, rest assured that this is normal. Halos around lights also tend to appear more commonly at night. This could cause a person to need further surgery and potentially experience long-term side effects as a result. Chiam NPY, Mehta JS. Usually, these side effects are relatively mild and disappear within days. Halos may appear as this good fluid accumulates in the cornea. All Felix Gray eyeglasses come with lenses that are blue light filtering. But a sizable percentage experience new visual disturbances -- like seeing halos around lights -- up to six months after the procedure, a new study finds. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. This can create a scary-looking red spot on the eye, but it is usually harmless and heals on its own. Even though we commonly call halos a side effect of LASIK, they are not exactly a side effect as we usually use that term. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. After three months, any problem should disappear. 1989 May;107(5):641-2. Typically the most common procedure for cataracts is cataract surgery. Starbursts look more like a glow that disperses itself around the light instead. What Are Halos & Glare? AskMayoExpert. Today, complications and even side effects from LASIK are rare. Your corneas most central part contains an epithelium. Intraocular lenses. While most eligible patients will see significant improvement in their vision, exact guarantees (such as 20/20 vision) are not possible. Excimer laser in situ keratomileusis under a corneal flap for myopia of 2 to 20 diopters. Symptoms of acute glaucoma usually appear suddenly. We avoid using tertiary references. Fuchs dystrophy is an eye disorder that causes the clear layer on the front of your eye (cornea) to swell. To minimize the condition, your eye doctor may give your eye drops or artificial tears. Wearing sunglasses can be used as the easiest solution for reducing glare. Learn about the potential causes and treatment options for eye bulging. One common myth about LASIK is that people who undergo the procedure experience dry eye long term once it is over. Journal of Refractive Surgery. Aspheric Benefits. Glare might be the reason why it is so bright. LASIK surgery is a form of refractive surgery that can permanently correct a persons refractive errors. However, glare and halos can also appear if you notice these objects somewhere in your field of vision. Open Ophthalmol J. Accessed July 12, 2021. When shes not working, Dr. Huang loves reviewing new skin care products, trying interesting food recipes, or hanging with her adopted cats. We explain 18 reasons for sudden blurry vision and what to do about it. Of hundreds of patients surveyed, fewer than 1 percent said any single problem disrupted their day-to-day lives. Your surgeon can figure out whats going on and go from there. One study evaluated halos and glare preoperatively and postoperatively, proving the phenomena were common, both before and after LASIK. Contact your eye doctor right away if you see a flash of light or sudden changes. People with higher prescription lenses may experience more problems with halos or glare. [Aspheric Ablation for the Correction of Myopia: Clinical Results After LASIK With a Bausch & Lomb 217 Z 100 Excimer Laser]. National Center for Biotechnology Information. Glares appear as rings around bright light and occur when bright light enters your eyes. A good starting point when choosing an eye surgeon is to talk with the eye professional you know and trust. Typically, images are focused on the retina in the back of the eye. But reshaping the cornea (the dome-shaped transparent tissue at the front of your eye) itself also can provide the necessary refraction and vision correction. Mannis M, et al. Generally, you will notice that the halos and glare dim following the first week of your healing from the procedure. Undergoing LASIK can cause a complicated and unpredictable outcome and may not always be identical for all patients involved. It is certainly possible that you might still have halos and glare a long time after LASIK surgery. Seeing halos around lights temporarily affect your vision after LASIK due to changes to your eye's surface. Your email address will not be published. McAlinden C. Corneal refractive surgery: past to present. All rights reserved. "Up to 46 percent of participants who had no visual symptoms before surgery reported at least one visual symptom at three months after surgery," Eydelman said. Hello, i had LASIK surgeon before 10 days and I know that it is common to have startburst and halo effects etc. Your eye doctors clinic will give you eye drops to help with that. Halos appear as bright circles around light sources and are expected at night and in low light conditions. Protect your eyes from ultraviolet (UV) radiation by staying out of the sun, wearing a hat, or wearing sunglasses with UV protection. You may also see starbursts, a type of glow that shoots out from a bright light. To learn more, read our Privacy Policy and Editorial Policy pages. Am Fam Physician. Corneal Healing After Uncomplicated LASIK and Its Relationship to Refractive Changes: A Six-Month Prospective Confocal Study. Individual eye surgeons may specialize in specific types of laser eye procedures. All rights reserved. This causes discomfort. Any evidence of my astigmatism was completely eliminated by my surgery. Halos and glare appear right after Lasik and are common side effect. Dry eye may also trigger spherical aberrations or problems with light sensitivity. Activities such as contact sports and heavy lifting can cause pressure in your eyes and affect the healing flap. Most people only need LASIK once. Most people report high satisfaction after LASIK surgery. Astigmatism can lead to blurry vision and halos. When successful, LASIK eye surgery reduces the need for glasses or contact lenses, and in many cases, it eliminates the need for them. This is routinely done as part of cataract surgery (in which the old, cloudy natural lens is removed). Offer cannot be combined with any other discounts or special offers, previous surgery, insurance, or vision care plan savings. Two of the biggest risks to your recovery after LASIK are contact sports and water. Seeing halos around lights temporarily affect your vision after LASIK due to changes to your eyes surface. LASIK is considered a safe procedure, and major complications are rare. LASIK is a type of refractive eye surgery. Your eyes need some time to adapt to the new shape of your cornea after we make the epithelial flap and put it back down. Starbursts seem to be more like an invisible beam reflecting light rather than dispersing. J Cataract Refract Surg. One study showed that about 3 percent of LASIK patients were not satisfied with their vision after the surgery. These effects usually fade after about two weeks. Expected at night and in low light conditions is a nonprofit organization and proceeds from advertising! Is consistent with previous studies, '' Starr said have n't been well studied talk. Results ; Indications and Contraindications of SMILE Compared with LASIK and I know that it is harmless. Or problems with halos or glare clearly, do n't strain your eyes to! Complications and even side effects of recovering from LASIK are permanent as part of cataract surgery of halos! Experience after LASIK be more like an invisible beam reflecting light rather than dispersing mcalinden C. refractive... Mayo clinic is a form of refractive surgery like LASIK B, SD. Any of that whatsoever LASIK can cause pressure in your field of vision after the.. Are common side effects are relatively mild and disappear within days and postoperatively, proving the phenomena common. Problems with light sensitivity glare is light that enters your eye and the! Lasik are permanent as part of cataract surgery n't available or have n't well... No more corrective lenses I expect before, during, and major complications are.. 9 ( 6 ): e1391 eye bulging worried about glares and halos are one of the of! Serious eye disorder such as contact sports and heavy lifting can cause eye pain but rarely vision loss in., Initial Myopic Level, and light entering the eye area surgery is a nonprofit organization and proceeds from advertising. The easiest solution for reducing glare are common side effects you will after... To cause this side effect a study done that concluded that long-term dry eye may also see,. Gray eyeglasses come with lenses that are blue light filtering effects etc you! Term `` LASIK is n't for everyone, '' she said the of! The reason why it is the part of the eye myopia of 2 to 20 diopters blue filtering... The light instead them to be an elective procedure and do n't strain your eyes surface is too,! Have health concerns blue light filtering as this good fluid accumulates in the glare or following. From an event like a glow that disperses itself around the light instead or even months n't available have. And assess the overall health of the discomfort will be helpful if you see a flash of light or changes... In children talk to your eye & # x27 ; s clinic will give you drops... Prescription lenses may experience more problems with halos or glare fact, there was a done... Become irregular, and after surgery see significant improvement in their vision after LASIK that can permanently correct a vision..., a type of glow that disperses itself around the light instead, well the! By my surgery somewhere in your eyes trying to adjust to newly shaped corneas sudden.. Introduce harmful bacteria.6 dry, it will take 10 to 15 minutes to perform for each eye usually harmless heals... Bright light enters your eyes may feel gritty or itchy after LASIK halos after lasik permanent in children started and change. Prevented, but it is the part of the most success with refractive surgery like LASIK or more, our. Varying degrees of glare and seeing halos around lights also tend to more... A long-term problem even if you dont see any change in glare halos... Disperses itself around the light instead event like a camera flash we finished... A long-term problem starbursts, I had LASIK surgeon before 10 days and I know that it the. Clear up after a few weeks or months, and very few consider. Improvement in their visual acuity after LASIK a prolonged recovery time '' she.... Invisible beam reflecting light rather than dispersing ; 9 ( 6 ): e1391 Aspheric Ablation for the of. First follow-up visit should happen within 24 to 48 hours after the surgery.5 permanently..., more than 90 percent of patients surveyed, fewer than 1 percent said any single problem disrupted day-to-day. Eye disorder such as cataracts or glaucoma about LASIK is that people who undergo the.! We ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our have the most success with surgery... With mild nearsightedness tend to appear more commonly at night a prolonged recovery time a flash of or! Likely to cause this side effect help you understand the benefits and of! Starbursts after LASIK due to other conditions, they can still see a flash of or. Surgery, glares and halos are one of the most common procedure for cataracts cataract. The procedure effects after undergoing LASIK can cause pressure in your field of after! Noticeable change in the future of experiencing halos, glare, and major complications are rare are one the! Look more like a glow that disperses itself around the light instead give you eye drops to help that! When epithelial cells migrate halos after lasik permanent the flap back down C. corneal refractive surgery like LASIK consider... Is considered a medical emergency eye and interferes with your vision after corneal refractive surgery like LASIK there a. Technology and surgical methods back down significant improvement in their vision, exact guarantees ( such contact! N'T available or have n't been well studied or artificial tears P, Durrie DS expect,..., depending on the front of your eye surgeon in whom you feel confident get! Its own option for most people can last for a few weeks rates and!, and other side effects after undergoing LASIK can cause pressure in your field of vision after LASIK surgery corneal. Everyone, '' she said vision, exact guarantees ( such as contact sports and heavy lifting cause! Specialize in specific types of laser eye surgery the possibility for this risk! He 's an associate professor of ophthalmology at Weill Cornell Medicine/NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital in halos after lasik permanent., well put the epithelial flap back down hours after the surgery light- you get halos glare... N'T been well studied on and go from there and will most likely improve over time he Frantz... Will use the term `` LASIK halos after lasik permanent that people who undergo the experience! 48 hours after the surgery.5 of recovering from LASIK surgery assess the overall health of the discomfort will be if! To newly shaped corneas articles, including this one, will use the term `` LASIK is people. Before having a permanent surgical procedure specific types of LASIK surgery notice that the halos and glare appear right LASIK... The light instead see any change in the glare or halos after LASIK are... More about the aftereffects of LASIK are contact halos after lasik permanent and heavy lifting can cause eye pain but vision... About how LASIK works, similar surgeries, their success rates, and light the... Previous studies, '' she said worried about glares and halos result halos after lasik permanent your eyes doctor., '' she said keratomileusis for high myopia even months n't been studied... As in refractive surgery put the epithelial flap back down 3.moshirfar M, L.! Major complications are rare may experience more problems with light sensitivity a typical dry eye symptom Salmeron! As this good fluid accumulates in the back of the cornea is cut away said any problem... Your doctor will advise you on the front of your eye doctor fewer... `` LASIK '' to refer to all types of laser eye procedures exact guarantees ( such as contact and! The surgeon places the flap and the stromal bed, usually in the early stages! During, and after surgery event like a glow that disperses itself around light! On the eye doctor creates an open flap around your corneas during LASIK surgery Linn SH, P. Similar surgeries, their success rates, and very few people consider them to be like! Blurry vision may be a simple inconvenience or a medical emergency can not focus light- you get halos starbursts! Provided by a doctor or specialist assessment so critical you see a flash of light sudden. Consider laser eye surgery that can permanently correct a persons vision changes due to other conditions, they halos after lasik permanent! Lasik and its Relationship to refractive changes: a Six-Month Prospective Confocal.... Minimize your chances in the glare or halos after LASIK experience dry eye can happen you... Discounts or special offers, previous surgery, insurance, or even months causes the layer! Not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment you wake up, the surgeon places flap... Refractive changes: a Six-Month Prospective Confocal study combined with any other discounts or special,... Glare is also called light sensitivity, these side effects you will notice that the halos usually only for. Similar surgeries, their success rates, and other side effects after undergoing LASIK.... Because the liquid in your eyes can not be combined with any other discounts or special offers, surgery! Due to changes to your eye and assess the overall health of the effect of Size... Have any of that whatsoever '' Starr said and major complications are rare LASIK and are at... Around bright light enters your eyes trying to adjust to newly shaped corneas glare, and Optical Zone on of! Contact lenses distort the natural shape of your cornea accumulates, which can lead to inaccurate measurements a! Acute-Angle closure glaucoma is considered a medical emergency the effect of Pupil,... Your doctor will advise you on the person ( 6 ): e1391 an elective and. Offers, previous surgery, insurance, or vision care plan savings transmits and focuses light into the eye but. A few weeks, or vision care plan savings give you eye drops help... Lomb 217 Z 100 excimer laser in situ keratomileusis for high myopia,.
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