Continue reading with a Scientific American subscription. endstream endobj 255 0 obj <. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. 3. a. Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. As poaching in Gorongosa has been stamped out through sustained conservation efforts, the number of baby elephants born tuskless has begun to decrease. Most African elephants have tusks, but some never grow them especially in places that have a history of poaching, like Gorongosa National Park. This data-driven activity accompanies the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Explain how characteristics associated with biological sex may affect athletic performance. v0E H+1Q` d View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. Genetics Evolution Scientific Skills & Literacy Scientists at Work High School General High School AP/IB College In 1989, when elephant ethologist Joyce Poole began carrying out surveys of three East African elephant populations to understand the impact that heavy poaching was having on them, she quickly noted several stark trends. To learn more about the problems facing African elephants and their recovery in Gorongosa National Park, watch these two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census and all of Selection for Tuskless Elephants. iU Campbell-Staton was just as perplexed by this as Poole had been, and he soon struck up a collaboration with her and other elephant ecologists. Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. BioInteractive is offering free workshops for high school and undergraduate life and environmental science educators. This activity guides students through learning and using key scientific terms, culminating in the creation of a customizable diagram. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers who sell the tusks on the ivory market. Using those samples, they identified candidate regions in the genome that, when mutated, seemed to explain tusklessness and its apparent male lethality. Not all downloadable documents for the resource may be available in this format. 293 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<9453723FF87E8A44A337DAA0866B88AA><438003D2AD6765408BCD5AC475C7220B>]/Index[254 63]/Info 253 0 R/Length 160/Prev 292343/Root 255 0 R/Size 317/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. English; analyzing data on tuskless elephants biointeractive answer key. In this activity, students collect and analyze evidence for each of the major conditions for evolution by natural selection to develop an explanation for how populations change over time. Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. Researchers created the model in Figure 1 using data from cell fractionation studies. Hear how educators are using BioInteractive content in their teaching. Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. (The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project . By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. The sex ratio of the offspring of tuskless mothers also indicated that the genetics responsible may be lethal for males. 2023 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. This video follows ecologist Caitlin O'Connell-Rodwell, who is studying how elephants can communicate over long distances using low-frequency sounds that travel both in the air and through the ground. Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Thanks for reading Scientific American. In this study, scientists used DNA profiling to determine where ivory seized from poachers had originated. endstream endobj 256 0 obj <. Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Allele and Phenotype Frequencies in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Color Variation Over Time in Rock Pocket Mouse Populations, Look Who's Coming for Dinner: Selection by Predation, The Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection and Adaptation, Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, Simulating Evolution of a Rock Pocket Mouse Population. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. 482 0 obj <>stream But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. This has left a notable gap in the literature that the new paper helps to fill. Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless. This film explores four decades of research on the evolution of Galpagos finches, which has illuminated how species form and diversify. rev-a-shelf 6942-28-11-52; stride rite sandals baby girl; five spice beef noodle soup This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. What Poole found perplexing, though, was that tusklessness did not seem to affect males, despite the fact that they were poachers primary targets. After creating an account, educators can save and organize their favorite BioInteractive resources and discover recommendations tailored to their interests. a. For context, this course consisted of a three-credit lecture and a one-credit lab. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Discover tools to help plan lessons and opportunities to support professional learning. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. In particular, they often are missing their upper lateral incisorsthe anatomical equivalent of tusks in elephants. 255 0 obj <> endobj endstream endobj startxref %%EOF To determine the traits prevalence after the conflict ended, she used a database of individual elephants that she and her husband and research partner Petter Granlialso a co-author of the new studyhad already built to study elephant behavior and communication. hbbd```b``"wH&NQ fg`5jz XX$^feN3)R@1y"A9m v \`@=`6/Af Zl "30 0 r If you're interested in teaching about infectious diseases from an environmental science perspective, this article from Wisconsin educator Amy Fassler details how she incorporates our resources into a 5E lesson. Shane Campbell-Staton of Princeton University, co-lead author of the new paper, has spent his career studying the ways that humans force such evolutionary changes across the tree of life. Answers may vary. Students apply what they have learned to evaluate the results of different tests that have been used throughout sports history to qualify female athletes to compete. The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. II. 6. Examples range from classic case studies, such as the peppered moths of the U.K. that changed their dominant wing color from mostly white to black during the industrial revolution, to lizards that are now evolving longer legs and feet with more grip to race up smooth city buildings. 292 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<035587B7358627438EA91049877A1170>]/Index[255 64]/Info 254 0 R/Length 155/Prev 375654/Root 256 0 R/Size 319/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. Hhmi Biointeractive Food Chains And Webs Answer Key Chlorophyll is the molecule in leaves that uses the energy in sunlight to turn water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ) into sugar and oxygen gas (O 2 ) 2008 Cadillac Sts Clicking Noise, How Is This Same Test Used To Test For The Presence Of HIV! Tusklessness, according to a new paper in Science, can be attributed in large part to a dominant mutation on the X chromosomea genetic change that also explains the sex skew Poole saw. Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. Most African . Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. Gathering the data to enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. 0 Analyze quantitative data in order to make predictions based on evidence. Such a deep genetic understanding of complex evolutionary changes in large free-ranging animals would have been unobtainable just a few years ago.. It also made sense that tusklessnessa trait naturally found in a minority of the animals in Africawas apparently being artificially selected for because poachers had no reason to shoot such an animal. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. !: H3d -:Cg Zf d1 The video focused on Mozambiques Gorongosa National Park, which suffered especially heavy poaching during the Mozambican Civil War, which occurred from 1977 to 1992. This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. eaht``wC(#U]}I)C In population simulations, the researchers confirmed that it is extremely unlikely that tusklessness would have changed so drastically by chance alone. In this article from professor Karen Avery, see how she uses this unassuming model organism to teach concepts in cellular biology and genetics. Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. Elephant Evolution and Adaptation. 6. Total: 129 a. Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephant www.BioInteractive.org Updated December 2021 Page 3 of 6 Activity Educator Materials ANSWER KEY PART 1: Information Gathering 1. pe*X|Xem&5*d X;d3^"kNIc rH+d ``s2AJn#*d9X;DAge`0?k G BioInteractive is committed to providing equitable learning opportunities to educators and students. PART 2: Video Activity . Tuskless females, they found, had survived at a rate that was about five times higher than that of their tusked counterparts during the conflict. We were going to drive around at Gorongosa, spot an elephant, see if the elephant had tusks or not, wait for the elephant to poop and then collect its DNA, he says. 415 0 obj <> endobj biointeractive 232K subscribers Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago How many African elephants are left and where are they? Homepage | HHMI BioInteractive | Elephant, Ap environmental science, Development From biointeractive.org Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Introduction Please see the Terms of Use for information on how this resource can be used. Nature, in this case at least, seems to be correcting itself. Description This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the striking observation that many female elephants lack tusks. hhmi biointeractive tuskless elephants answer key About; Location; Menu; FAQ; Contacts 452 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<236583C912FAC64F88BAF3D554E36451>]/Index[415 68]/Info 414 0 R/Length 157/Prev 328511/Root 416 0 R/Size 483/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Watch the Selection for Tuskless Elephants video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point . Discover world-changing science. Let's Go! Meat Only: 19 b. Tusks Only: 75 c. Meat and Tusks: 27 4. a. A new professional development academy focused on growing the HHMI BioInteractive Ambassador community and building professional learning leadership capacity in science education. There was a huge skew in the sex ratio, with very few adult males. |U#62RF>^/,[4@[S5MT3M_q+; u* Lessons. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. This interactive module explores the phases, checkpoints, and protein regulators of the cell cycle. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. This activity guides the analysis of a published scientific figure from a study involving illegal elephant poaching. adaptation, claim, evidence, frequency, phenotype, poaching, population, reasoning, selection, selective pressure, variation. The resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. Planarians can be used to investigate a variety of biological phenomena like animal behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and more. This pattern suggested to the researchers a sex-linked genetic origin for what they were seeing. Among the younger females, who were born after this period of heavy poaching, 33% are tuskless.For more short films and resources on elephants, visit http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/elephants Follow Nuwer on Twitter @RachelNuwerCredit: Nick Higgins. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Statistical Data Explorer. IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017). Use evidence-based predictions to explain how a population changes over time due to human impacts. The same high-quality resources are now available with new features, including a logged-in experience. Using Pooles database, they further confirmed that, with a single exception, female elephants with two tusks had never been observed to have a tuskless baby. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. Enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however organize favorite! Genetic origin for what they were seeing birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways using... The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project including articles more! Had originated academy focused on growing the hhmi BioInteractive Ambassador community and building professional learning lethal for.. 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